Proyecto de formación para banda musical en la Institución Educativa Nueva Granada

En el año 2016, en el transcurso de los primeros 8 meses se realizó un proyecto de formación para banda musical, en la “Institución Educativa Nueva Granada”, con niños de los grados 6, 7 y 8 con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 14 años de edad. Este proyecto se realiza con el propósito de documentar este tipo de procesos en la institución, además de promover el área musical como aporte social, factor importante en la comunidad. Para la convocatoria se tuvo en cuenta parámetros como aptitudes musicales en los participantes tales como coordinación, audición, ritmo, entonación y conocimientos previos. Además de una búsqueda de aspectos físicos en cada uno de los participantes con el propósito de guiar una selección adecuada del instrumento a interpretar. Durante el desarrollo de las clases se tuvo en cuenta el progreso de las habilidades evidenciadas por el grupo en la convocatoria, y el uso de estrategias que guiaron el progreso de los participantes de manera colectiva. La comunidad respondió positivamente ante la iniciativa de generar oportunidades para el aprendizaje musical y convivencia social, lo cual impulsó a la creación de una banda musical infantil en la institución educativa

Simulation-optimization approach for the stochastic location-routing problem

The location routing problem with stochastic transportation cost and vehicle travel speeds is considered in this paper. A hybrid solution procedure based on Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) and Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) is proposed. After using a sequential heuristic algorithm to solve the location subproblem, the subsequent capacitated vehicle routing problem is solved using ACO. Finally, a DES model evaluates those vehicle routes in terms of their impact on the expected total costs. The approach is tested using well-known randomly generated datasets. Since no previous works in the literature studied exactly the same SLRP, the proposed procedure is compared against its deterministic version. Numerical results show the efficiency and efficacy of the hybrid ACO-DES approach

Mapa do Processo de Internacionalização das Instituições colombianas de Ensino Superior

The objective of the present investigation was oriented to structure the map of the internationalization process of the Colombian Higher Education Institutions (IESC), in this way, the strategic, key and support activities that really generate value were identified. The main authors considered are: Sorolla (2019), Mayer and Catalano (2019), Castro and Wolf (2018), Ganga, Pérez and Mansilla (2018), Hoyos and Villamizar (2018), Colciencias (2017), Colotta, Lavallen and Presa (2017), Pérez (2009), among others. Research is considered descriptive, under a qualitative approach, with a non-experimental, transectional design. In a first phase, IES internationalization models were reviewed in countries such as China, Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico, Cuba, among others. Next, work tables were developed to classify the activities that make up the process map. From this study, a series of open interviews were conducted with the staff of the internationalization area of the main IES located in the Department of Antioquia. Finally, the structure of the Internationalization process is proposed, indicating not only the fundamental activities, but also the strategic interrelation that they must maintain, to ensure its effectiveness.El objetivo de la presente investigación estuvo orientado a estructurar el mapa del proceso de internacionalización de las Instituciones de Educación Superior Colombianas (IESC), de tal forma, se identificaron las actividades estratégicas, clave y de apoyo, que realmente generan valor. Los principales autores considerados son: Sorolla (2019), Mayer y Catalano (2019), Castro y Wolf (2018), Ganga, Pérez y Mansilla (2018), Hoyos y Villamizar (2018), Colciencias (2017), Colotta, Lavallen y Presa (2017), Pérez (2009), entre otros. La investigación se considera de tipo descriptiva, bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental, transeccional. En una primera fase se procedió a revisar modelos de internacionalización de IES en países como China, Argentina, Costa Rica, México, Cuba, entre otros. Seguidamente, se desarrollaron mesas de trabajo para clasificar las actividades que componen el mapa de procesos. A partir de este estudio, se realizaron una serie de entrevistas abiertas al personal del área de internacionalización de las principales IES de ubicadas en el Departamento de Antioquia. Finalmente, se propone la estructura del proceso de Internacionalización, indicando no solo las actividades fundamentales, sino también la interrelación estratégica que las mismas deben mantener, para asegurar la efectividad del mismo.O objetivo da presente investigação esteve orientado a estruturar o mapa do processo de internacionalização das Instituciones de Educación Superior Colombianas (IESC), de tal forma, se identificaram as actividades estratégicas, chave e de apoyo, que realmente agregam valor. Os principais autores considerados são: Sorolla (2019), Mayer e Catalano (2019), Castro e Wolf (2018), Ganga, Pérez e Mansilla (2018), Hoyos e Villamizar (2018), Colciencias (2017), Colotta, Lavallen e Presa (2017), Pérez (2009), entre outros. A investigação considera-se de tipo descriptiva, uma abordagem qualitativa, com um desenho não experimental. Numa primera fase se procedeu a revisar os modelos de internacionalização de IES em países como: China, Argentina, Costa Rica, México, Cuba, entre outros. Seguidamente, desenvolveram-se actividades laboráis para classificar as actividades que compõem o mapa de processos. A partir deste estudo, realizaram-se una serie de entrevistas abertas ao pessoal da área de internacionalização das principais IES de localizadas no Departamento de Antioquia. Finalmente, propõem-se a estructura do processo de Internacionalização, indicando não só as actividades fundamentais, mas também a inter-relação estratégica que as mesmas devem manter, para assegurar a efectividade ddo mesmo

DeSyRe: on-Demand System Reliability

The DeSyRe project builds on-demand adaptive and reliable Systems-on-Chips (SoCs). As fabrication technology scales down, chips are becoming less reliable, thereby incurring increased power and performance costs for fault tolerance. To make matters worse, power density is becoming a significant limiting factor in SoC design, in general. In the face of such changes in the technological landscape, current solutions for fault tolerance are expected to introduce excessive overheads in future systems. Moreover, attempting to design and manufacture a totally defect and fault-free system, would impact heavily, even prohibitively, the design, manufacturing, and testing costs, as well as the system performance and power consumption. In this context, DeSyRe delivers a new generation of systems that are reliable by design at well-balanced power, performance, and design costs. In our attempt to reduce the overheads of fault-tolerance, only a small fraction of the chip is built to be fault-free. This fault-free part is then employed to manage the remaining fault-prone resources of the SoC. The DeSyRe framework is applied to two medical systems with high safety requirements (measured using the IEC 61508 functional safety standard) and tight power and performance constraints

The SARC architecture

The SARC architecture is composed of multiple processor types and a set of user-managed direct memory access (DMA) engines that let the runtime scheduler overlap data transfer and computation. The runtime system automatically allocates tasks on the heterogeneous cores and schedules the data transfers through the DMA engines. SARC's programming model supports various highly parallel applications, with matching support from specialized accelerator processors.Postprint (published version

DeSyRe: On-demand system reliability

The DeSyRe project builds on-demand adaptive and reliable Systems-on-Chips (SoCs). As fabrication technology scales down, chips are becoming less reliable, thereby incurring increased power and performance costs for fault tolerance. To make matters worse, power density is becoming a significant limiting factor in SoC design, in general. In the face of such changes in the technological landscape, current solutions for fault tolerance are expected to introduce excessive overheads in future systems. Moreover, attempting to design and manufacture a totally defect-/fault-free system, would impact heavily, even prohibitively, the design, manufacturing, and testing costs, as well as the system performance and power consumption. In this context, DeSyRe delivers a new generation of systems that are reliable by design at well-balanced power, performance, and design costs. In our attempt to reduce the overheads of fault-tolerance, only a small fraction of the chip is built to be fault-free. This fault-free part is then employed to manage the remaining fault-prone resources of the SoC. The DeSyRe framework is applied to two medical systems with high safety requirements (measured using the IEC 61508 functional safety standard) and tight power and performance constraints. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Social responsibility of the military forces before the illegal mining flag in the Cauca department

El presente trabajo analiza la responsabilidad social de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia en cumplimiento de su misión en contra de la explotación ilícita de los recursos naturales no renovables (minería ilegal); actividad esta que amenaza la estabilidad interna del país, impacta negativamente el medio ambiente y el desarrollo económico, afecta el sistema social, la salud pública, la seguridad en las regiones y la preservación cultural de las comunidades. Contribuyen al afianzamiento de la minería ilegal y sus efectos perversos, la emergencia de nuevos grupos armados organizados (GAO) y su recurrencia a la minería ilegal como una de sus principales fuentes de financiación. Ante este panorama, se ha hecho necesaria la participación directa de las Fuerzas Militares a través de la conducción de operaciones que permitan frenar el avance de este flagelo.This paper analyzes the social responsibility of the Colombian Armed Forces in fulfilling their mission against the illegal exploitation of nonrenewable natural resources (illegal mining); an activity that threatens the internal stability of the country, negatively impacts the environment, and the economic development, affects the social system, the public health, the regional security and the cultural preservation of communities. Contribute to the strengthening of illegal mining and its perverse effects, the emergence of new organized armed group (GAO) and its recurrence to illegal mining as one of its main sources of funding. Given this situation, it has become necessary the direct participation of the Military Forces through the conduction of military operations that allow to stop the advance of this scourge